Publications
Ombuds Institutions for the Armed Forces: Selected Case Studies
Ombuds institutions for the armed forces are key actors in establishing good governance and implementing democratic controls of the security sector. These institutions are tasked with protecting the human rights and fundamental freedoms of armed forces...
Oportunidades y Riesgos de la Subcontratación, la Privatización y las Sociedades Público-Privadas en la Defensa
IntroducciónMuchas de las mismas lecciones que se aplican en las adquisiciones de defensa normales para frenar la corrupción, se aplican también en los acuerdos de contratación menos tradicionales, como la subcontratación (el “estudio de mercado” y...
Abbreviations
AIA[US] Aerospace Industries AssociationANDSAfghanistan National Development StrategyAPSCArmed Private Security ContractorASDAerospace and Defence Industries Association of EuropeC3Command, Control, and CommunicationsCAC[UN] Convention Against...
TI International Defence and Security Programme
Corruption in DefenceTransparency International (TI) is the civil society organisation leading the global fight against corruption. Through more than 90 chapters worldwide and an international secretariat in Berlin, Germany, Transparency International...
Selected Resources
Official DocumentsUnited Nations Convention Against Corruption (2004)www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/Publications/Convention/08-50026_E.pdf. Official translations of the Convention are available also in Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian, and Spanish...
Cultural Awareness in Implementing Integrity Building Programmes
[Author of box 24.1 is Todor Tagarev. Velizar Shalamanov, Bulgaria is the author of box 24.2]The design and implementation of effective integrity building strategies and programmes depends on the ability to capture the specific influence of given...
Making Change Happen
[Author of box 23.6 is Sami Faltas, The Netherlands]No two defence organizations face the same problems of integrity and corruption. Respectively, integrity building initiatives may require different levels and types of effort, from minor adjustments in a...
The Role of International Organisations
International organisations have played a central role in driving the tremendous shift in worldwide attitudes about corruption that have taken place in the past twenty years. They have also played a major role in practical efforts to counter corruption...
The Role of Civil Society and the Media
This chapter looks at the indispensable role of civil society and the media in building integrity and reducing corruption in the defence and security sector. It considers the issue of “building integrity” mainly through the lens of security sector reform...
The Defence Industry as an Ally in Reducing Corruption
[Author of boxes 20.1 and 20.2 is Todor Tagarev]For an anti-corruption regime to function effectively, the defence industry must be associated with it. Defence suppliers increasingly recognise the importance of corporate social responsibility and...
The Role of Ombudsperson Institutions
In the 200 years of its history, the ombudsman institution has demonstrated its value for both developing and mature democracies. The ombudsperson institution is not the primary instrument to fight corruption as a criminal activity. However, if properly...
The Role of Parliaments and Audit Offices
[Author of box 19.5 is Todor Tagarev]As the direct representatives of the public, parliaments are the principle source of democratic legitimacy. They are responsible for establishing the legislative framework in which government and society operate, and...
The Role of Government
[Author of boxes 17.4 and 17.6 is Maciej Wnuk, Poland. Todor Tagarev is the author of box 17.1]The legitimacy of all governments ultimately depends upon public confidence in their ability to effectively and efficiently deliver public goods—in this case,...
The Human in the Loop
[Author of box 16.2 is Leonid Polyakov, Ukraine]Whatever the legislative and organisational framework, it is people who make up the defence establishment. The fundamental objective, therefore, of anti-corruption efforts in defence is to influence human...
Regulatory Frameworks
There are a number of regulatory and legal mechanisms to tackle corruption at both the state and international levels. Although such frameworks are not in themselves solutions to corruption, they are nonetheless a pre-requisite to fighting it. This...
The Importance of Integrity Building
One does not fight corruption by fighting corruption – merely prosecuting an individual, or declaring another anticorruption campaign, redrafting another anticorruption decree, or establishing yet another anticorruption commission. Daniel Kaufmann,...
Combating Defence-related Corruption in Countries with Unresolved Territorial Disputes or Frozen Conflicts
Unresolved territorial disputes and frozen conflicts can substantially increase corruption risks in their region. Prime examples are the unresolved territorial disputes over secession on the territory of the former Soviet Union: Nagorno-Karabakh in...
Integrity Issues Related to Military Operations
[Author of boxes 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4 is Todor Tagarev]Corruption accompanies not only the management of the defence establishment in peacetime but also the immediate preparation of forces for operational deployment, the conduct of peacekeeping missions...
The Involvement of Defence Personnel and Assets in Economic Activities
In transition democracies, the military remains influential in the country’s political and economic system. The dark past of political and security situations in some transition democracies successfully established the military as the core actor in these...
Utilisation of Surplus Equipment and Infrastructure
In the process of adaptation to the post-Cold War security environment, the countries on the two sides of the then dividing line reduced their armed forces significantly. A considerable amount of weapon systems, equipment, ammunitions and military sites...
Opportunities and Risks with Outsourcing, Privatization and Public-Private Partnerships in Defence
[Author of the text in boxes 9.4, 9.5, and 9.9 is Todor Tagarev]Many of the same lessons that apply in standard defence procurements to curb corruption also apply in less traditional contracting arrangements such as outsourcing (“market testing” and “...
Offset Arrangements
[Author of box 8.2 is Todor Tagarev]Building integrity and reducing corruption risk in defence acquisition covers many specialist areas: from the way that technical specifications are developed, to the evaluation process, through to the way Defence...
National Approaches in Support of Building Integrity and Reducing Corruption in Defence
It is not only NATO as an alliance but also individual member countries and partners that support integrity building initiatives. This chapter presents several examples of state-of-the-art approaches to support such initiatives and recommendations derived...
NATO and the Evolution of the Building Integrity Initiative
The Principles of NATONATO was founded in 1949 with an enduring vision: the indivisibility of Allied security. More than sixty years later, NATO continues to sustain this vision and remains the primary forum for security consultations among the allies of...
A Strategic Approach to Building Integrity and Reducing Corruption in Defence
[Author of box 2.4 is Todor Tagarev]The crippling costs of corruption, discussed in chapter 1, can be reduced significantly through the application of proven principles, mechanisms and practices of good governance. Governments have a wide spectrum of...
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